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Spring-mybatis基于maven开发web项目：报org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException Failed to start component

发表于 分类于 Valine：
本文字数： 12k 阅读时长 ≈ 11 分钟

在这里插入图片描述

我先把错误的信息给大家给出来：

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F:\develop\jdk8\bin\java.exe -Dmaven.multiModuleProjectDirectory=I:\ITheima\SSM框架\Springmvc_Annotation -Dmaven.home=D:\Maven\apache-maven-3.6.1 -Dclassworlds.conf=D:\Maven\apache-maven-3.6.1\bin\m2.conf "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJ IDEA2018\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.2.4\lib\idea_rt.jar=4361:D:\IntelliJ IDEA2018\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.2.4\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:\Maven\apache-maven-3.6.1\boot\plexus-classworlds-2.6.0.jar org.codehaus.classworlds.Launcher -Didea.version=2018.2.4 -s D:\Maven\apache-maven-3.6.1\conf\settings.xml -Dmaven.repo.local=D:\Maven\repository tomcat7:run
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] --------------------< com.hk:Springmvc_Annotation >---------------------
[INFO] Building Springmvc_Annotation Maven Webapp 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ war ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] >>> tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.1:run (default-cli) > process-classes @ Springmvc_Annotation >>>
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ Springmvc_Annotation ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ Springmvc_Annotation ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] <<< tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.1:run (default-cli) < process-classes @ Springmvc_Annotation <<<
[INFO] 
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.1:run (default-cli) @ Springmvc_Annotation ---
[INFO] Running war on http://localhost:80/
[INFO] Using existing Tomcat server configuration at I:\ITheima\SSM框架\Springmvc_Annotation\target\tomcat
[INFO] create webapp with contextPath: 
十月 25, 2020 10:29:42 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-80"]
十月 25, 2020 10:29:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Tomcat
十月 25, 2020 10:29:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.37
十月 25, 2020 10:29:43 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[]]
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1123)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:800)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
	... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer cannot be cast to javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.getServletContainerInitializer(ContextConfig.java:1661)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processServletContainerInitializers(ContextConfig.java:1569)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1277)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:878)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:369)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5179)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 6 more

十月 25, 2020 10:29:43 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1123)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:335)
	at org.apache.tomcat.maven.plugin.tomcat7.run.AbstractRunMojo.startContainer(AbstractRunMojo.java:1091)
	at org.apache.tomcat.maven.plugin.tomcat7.run.AbstractRunMojo.execute(AbstractRunMojo.java:512)
	at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:137)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:210)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:156)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:148)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:117)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:81)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:56)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:128)
	at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:305)
	at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:192)
	at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:105)
	at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:956)
	at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:288)
	at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:192)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:282)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:225)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:406)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:347)
	at org.codehaus.classworlds.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:47)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1131)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:800)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 6 more

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  3.370 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2020-10-25T22:29:43+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.1:run (default-cli) on project Springmvc_Annotation: Could not start Tomcat: Failed to start component [StandardServer[-1]]: Failed to start component [StandardService[Tomcat]]: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat]]: A child container failed during start -> [Help 1]
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException

我配置的pom.xml

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<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- servlet3.1规范的坐标 -->
    <!--spring的坐标-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--spring web的坐标-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--springmvc的坐标-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.3</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <!--构建-->
  <build>
    <!--设置插件-->
    <plugins>
      <!--具体的插件配置-->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <port>80</port>
          <path>/</path>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

导致出现这个问题的原因是：

注意：我们本项目使用的servlet-api是3.0，项目打成war包后就有了，但是本地的tomcat也有一个2.5，这时这两个jar包就冲突了，不知道使用哪个了，才会发生这个错误！我们的第一种做法就是将maven中配置的servlet-api与jsp-api的scope设置为provided，即生成的源码不打入以jar包与war包中，就不会出现jar包冲突的情况了！

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所以我们现在改掉这两个jar包的scope

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<dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.3</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>

这是第一种解决的办法，还有一种办法就是加入一个本地的tomcat服务器，这个本地的tomcat自带了两个jar包jsp-api与servlet-api：

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在这里插入图片描述

我们这里就可以看到这个本地服务器中有两个jar包，这样也可以解决jar包冲突的问题！

在这里插入图片描述